QSense耗散型石英晶體微天平在制藥領域中的應用
QSense耗散型石英晶體微天平在制藥領域中的應用
QSense 耗散型石英晶體微天平技術
耗散型石英晶體微天平（QCM-D）技術是一項表界面敏感且多功能的分析技術，主要用于研究薄膜、生物分子相互作用以及其他與表界面相關的過程。QCM-D技術能夠提供關于分子在固體表面吸附、相互作用和穩定性的寶貴見解。
QCM-D技術可以實時監控石英晶體芯片的諧振頻率隨時間的變化。芯片的諧振頻率取決于其質量，因此頻率的變化可以揭示與芯片表面耦合的質量變化。同時，還可以實時監控系統的能量損失（耗散），從而量化芯片上涂層的粘彈性特性。這些頻率和耗散的變化可用于分析分子與芯片表面的相互作用。
QCM-D技術是由瑞典百歐林科技有限公司和瑞典查爾姆斯理工大學的科學家們共同開創的，自1999年第一臺原型機問世以來，QSense耗散型石英晶體微天平產品系列不斷擴大。如今，QSense已成為石英晶體微天平儀器的世界領導者，廣泛應用于制藥、生物技術、能源、電子、材料、食品、環境、化學、礦物加工等領域。數千篇文獻證明了QSense技術的可靠性。以下將主要探討QSense耗散型石英晶體微天平技術在藥物相互作用方面的應用。
（一）藥物開發
QSense的納克級別質量靈敏度為藥物發現和開發提供了無限潛力。通過QSense進行的研究活動包括：
- 各種實驗條件下，實時精確監測小分子藥物與蛋白質、細胞膜和RNA的相互作用。[1]
- 蛋白質-蛋白質相互作用[2]
- 小分子與RNA相互作用時，RNA的結構變化[3]
（二）藥物遞送
QSense已被證明是一種成本效益高、時間效率高的技術，特別適用于表征脂質納米顆粒（LNP）及其藥物遞送特性方面。大量文獻證明QSense可以用于：
- 分析血清蛋白與脂質納米顆粒（LNP）的結合親和力[4]
- 生物分子（如siRNA和mRNA）在LNP上的結合與釋放[5]
- 將LNP遞送到目標器官[6]
- 在無細胞環境中篩選血清蛋白與LNPs的結合親和力[7]
- 分析LNPs的表面修飾[8]
- 脂質與生物活性分子（包括藥物、DNA和siRNA）的相互作用[9]
- ApoE結合后對脂質成分分布和整體LNP結構的影響[24]
- 用于存儲功能化LNP的納米孔陣列[25]
- 提高LNPs核酸載荷遞送效率的LNP配方[26]
- 使用cDNA將微泡固定到支持的脂質雙層上[27]
- 穩定化立方體的嵌段共聚物與生物模擬脂質膜的相互作用[28]
QSense在表征藥物配方與表面相互作用方面具有重要意義，涵蓋了生產、純化、儲存和遞送過程中的多個方面。特別是評估生物制藥藥品在整個生命周期中的表面吸附/解吸附過程以及吸附層的結構變化。
典型案例包括：
- 藥物與聚合物、玻璃、金屬和金屬氧化物、硅油等表面的相互作用[10]，[11]，[12]，[13]，[14]，[15]，[16]
- 輔料在減少藥物-蛋白質吸附到表面上的效果[17]
- 配方條件（濃度、pH值、溫度等）的影響； [18]
- 界面和界面應力在生物制品開發中的影響[19]
| 藥物-表面相互作用研究用QCM-D芯片列表 | ||
| 塑料包裝 | 聚丙烯 (PP) 聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA) |
聚乙烯 (PE) 低密度聚乙烯 (LDPE) 高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE) 線性低密度聚乙烯 (LLDPE) |
| 玻璃容器 | 硼硅酸鹽玻璃 | 蘇打石灰玻璃 |
| 包裝袋 | 環烯烴聚合物 (COP) | 環烯烴共聚物 (COC) |
| 過濾材料 | 聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE) 聚碳酸酯 (PC) |
聚醚砜 (PES) 聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯甘油改性 (PET-G) |
| 預充填注射器 | 注射器 PDMS（硅油） | |
| 其他相關材料 | 聚苯乙烯 纖維素 不銹鋼L605 SS2343（類似于美國標準316） 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 (EVA) |
尼龍 聚氨酯 醋酸纖維素 聚丙烯腈 (PAN) * |
（四）生物材料與人體組織的相互作用
植入體和生物材料在人體內的生物相容性是它們成功發揮作用的關鍵。QSense提供了在分子層面對植入體表面或生物材料與人體血液和組織相互作用的體外分析。
- 各種眼部護理配方與黏蛋白/細胞膜表面的相互作用[20]。
QSense也被廣泛用于蛋白質生物傳感器和即時檢測傳感器等類型傳感器的開發中。
- 蛋白質生物傳感器[21]，[22]
- 即時檢測傳感器(Point-of-care sensors)[23]
QSense Omni 耗散型石英晶體微天平
QSense Omni 是由QCM-D技術的先驅者瑞典百歐林科技有限公司推動研發的最新耗散性石英晶體微天平型號，是QCM-D最新技術的集大成者。Omni比市面上任何一款QCM的靈敏度都要高，這使它能夠量化和監測更小的分子、更快的過程，是研究生物過程非常理想的工具。QSense有超過100多種芯片表面材料和涂層可供選擇，支持模擬真實生物環境和過程，以表征蛋白質吸附速率、薄膜形成、吸附層剛性、鈣化、細胞附著等。
QSense Omni 耗散型石英晶體微天平
- 能夠檢測芯片表面微小至0.24 ng/cm²的變化
- 更快的流體交換（5倍于上代產品），提供更快和更清晰的樣品輸送
- 全系列自動化功能，最小化用戶依賴性
- 更簡化的工作流程和全新直觀的軟件界面，使更廣泛的用戶可以更加容易地使用QCM-D。
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