野生大豆（Glycine soja）是世界上種植面積最廣的作物之一。相比于栽培大豆，野生大豆能夠更好地適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境的脅迫如干旱，堿，鹽脅迫。對(duì)野生大豆的性狀進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究，將有助于栽培大豆的遺傳改良。近日，華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)亞熱帶農(nóng)業(yè)生物資源保護(hù)與利用國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室年海教授領(lǐng)銜的課題組聯(lián)合使用第二代高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)對(duì)鋁脅迫下野生大豆miRNA及其靶基因進(jìn)行鑒定和系統(tǒng)分析，新發(fā)現(xiàn)了一批的野生大豆miRNA和其作用的靶基因*。該研究成果發(fā)表在10月刊的BMC Plant Biology上。

 

 

MicroRNA（miRNA）是一類調(diào)控真核生物廣泛生理過(guò)程的內(nèi)源性非編碼小RNA，它的調(diào)控作用是通過(guò)降解靶mRNA或是阻礙其翻譯來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。植物miRNA通常與其靶基因完全或是近乎完全匹配，引起mRNA的降解。在植物中，miRNA參與調(diào)控發(fā)育全過(guò)程以及對(duì)生物或非生物脅迫的應(yīng)答。要確定miRNA的功能就必須首先鑒定它們的靶基因。降解組測(cè)序是近來(lái)興起的一種高效的大規(guī)模鑒定植物miRNA靶基因的方案。

 

年海教授課題組以鋁處理和無(wú)鋁處理的野生大豆幼苗根為對(duì)象，構(gòu)建了兩個(gè)小RNA測(cè)序文庫(kù)和兩個(gè)降解組測(cè)序文庫(kù)。利用miRNA測(cè)序發(fā)現(xiàn)野生大豆中97個(gè)已知miRNA和31個(gè)新的miRNA。此外，還發(fā)現(xiàn)49個(gè)已知miRNA對(duì)應(yīng)的3P或5P鏈上的miRNA。在所有被鑒定的miRNA中，30個(gè)miRNA的表達(dá)與鋁脅迫相關(guān)。進(jìn)一步利用降解組測(cè)序，作者鑒定出已知miRNA的86個(gè)靶基因和測(cè)序發(fā)現(xiàn)miRNA的5個(gè)靶基因。GO富集分析結(jié)果顯示52個(gè)保守miRNA家族的靶基因在轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控中扮演著重要角色。同時(shí)還發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些與脅迫應(yīng)答相關(guān)的基因如生長(zhǎng)素響應(yīng)因子（ARF）在鋁脅迫條件下被miRNA剪切。

 

此項(xiàng)研究聯(lián)合使用miRNA測(cè)序和降解組測(cè)序技術(shù)大規(guī)模系統(tǒng)地測(cè)定了鋁脅迫下野生大豆的miRNA表達(dá)譜和靶基因及其功能，為深入理解鋁脅迫下miRNA發(fā)揮的調(diào)控作用提供了重要信息。

此項(xiàng)研究中的小RNA測(cè)序和降解組測(cè)序工作是由聯(lián)川生物公司提供技術(shù)服務(wù)。

 

* Zeng QY, Yang CY, Ma QB, Li XP, Dong WW, Nian H. (2012) Identification of wild soybean miRNAs and their target genes responsive to aluminum stress. BMC Plant Biol 12(1), 182.

 

聯(lián)川生物小RNA測(cè)序和降解組測(cè)序用戶近期發(fā)表文章索引

l  Li, M. et al. (2012) An atlas of DNA methylomes in porcine adipose and muscle tissues. Nat Commun 3, 850.

l  Zhai L, Liu Z, Zou X, Jiang Y, Qiu F, Zhengand Y, Zhang Z. (2012) Genome-wide identification and analysis of microRNA responding to long-term waterlogging in crown roots of maize seedlings. Physiologia Plantarum [Epub ahead of print].

l  Zeng QY, Yang CY, Ma QB, Li XP, Dong WW, Nian H. (2012) Identification of wild soybean miRNAs and their target genes responsive to aluminum stress. BMC Plant Biol 12(1), 182.

l  Xu MY, Dong Y, Zhang QX, Zhang L, Luo YZ, Sun J, Fan YL, Wang L. (2012) Identification of miRNAs and their targets from Brassica napus by high-throughput sequencing and degradome analysis. BMC Genomics 13:421.

l  Huang T, Xu D,  Zhang X. (2012) Characterization of host microRNAs that respond to DNA virus infection in a crustacean. BMC Genomics 13(1), 159.

l  Yang G, Yang L, Zhao Z, Wang J, Zhang X (2012) Signature miRNAs Involved in the Innate Immunity of Invertebrates. PLoS ONE 7(6), e39015.

l  Li R, Sun Q, Jia Y, Cong R, Ni Y, et al. (2012) Coordinated miRNA/mRNA Expression Profiles for Understanding Breed-Specific Metabolic Characters of Liver between Erhualian and Large White Pigs. PLoS ONE 7(6), e38716.

l  Mao W, Li Z, Xia X, Li Y, Yu J. (2012) A Combined Approach of High-Throughput Sequencing and Degradome Analysis Reveals Tissue Specific Expression of MicroRNAs and Their Targets in Cucumber. PLoS One 7(3), e33040

l  Zhao M, Tai H, Sun S, Zhang F, Xu Y, et al. (2012) Cloning and Characterization of Maize miRNAs Involved in Responses to Nitrogen Deficiency. PLoS ONE 7(1), e29669.

l  Zhang J, Zhang S, Han S, Wu T, Li X, Li W, Qi L. (2012) Genome-wide identification of microRNAs in larch and stage-specific modulation of 11 conserved microRNAs and their targets during somatic embryogenesis. Planta. [Epub ahead of print]

l  Zhou Q, Li M, Wang X, Li Q, Wang T, Zhu Q, Zhou X, Wang X, Gao X, Li X. (2012) Immune-related MicroRNAs are Abundant in Breast Milk Exosomes. Int J Biol Sci 8(1), 118-123.

l  Li B, Qin Y, Duan H, Yin W, Xia X. (2011) Genome-wide characterization of new and drought stress responsive microRNAs in Populus euphratica. J Exp Bot 62(11), 3765-79.